After installing One Drive for Business 2016 and trying to Sync a Library the following error was brought up :

The server you are trying to access is using an authentication protocol not supported by this version of Office

Fix

Close Microsoft OneDrive for Busuiness ( Kill Groove.exe ) 

Close Microsoft Offline Cache Process 

Delete

C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\Spw

C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\16.0\OfficeFileCache

Open Word and Click File , Account , Sign Out and Back In

Open One Drive for Business ( search for it ) 

Open the one drive folder via the web browser and click sync

**If this does not work, try opening the Sharepoint for 365 Library inside of word ( File , Open , Add Library ) 

Add the library with your login details , then try clicking on the sync button again