{"id":9436,"date":"2025-12-29T00:10:11","date_gmt":"2025-12-29T00:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pariswells.com\/blog\/?p=9436"},"modified":"2025-12-29T00:10:12","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T00:10:12","slug":"sql-service-not-starting-after-windows-updates-using-nt-servicemssqlserver-had-to-switch-to-local-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pariswells.com\/blog\/research\/sql-service-not-starting-after-windows-updates-using-nt-servicemssqlserver-had-to-switch-to-local-system","title":{"rendered":"SQL Service Not Starting After Windows Updates using NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER , had to switch to Local System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I have created two scripts to detect file permissions and LogOn Security Permissions for NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\"># SQL Server File Permissions Checker - Updated with Auto-Install\n# Run as Administrator\n# Dynamically queries SQL for log file (.ldf) paths and checks permissions on the actual files\n\n# Account to check\n$EngineAccount = \"NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER\"\n\n# SQL Instance name (default; for named, use \"ServerName\\InstanceName\")\n$SqlInstance = \".\"\n\n# Auto-install SqlServer module if missing\nif (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name SqlServer)) {\n    Write-Host \"Installing SqlServer module with -AllowClobber...\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n    Install-Module -Name SqlServer -AllowClobber -Force -Scope CurrentUser\n}\n# Import the module\nImport-Module SqlServer -ErrorAction Stop\n\n# Function to query SQL log file paths (.ldf)\nfunction Get-SqlLogFiles {\n    # Query for all log file paths (type = 1 for logs)\n    $filesQuery = \"SELECT DISTINCT physical_name FROM sys.master_files WHERE type = 1;\"\n    $filesResult = Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $SqlInstance -Query $filesQuery -TrustServerCertificate\n    $logFiles = $filesResult | ForEach-Object { $_.physical_name } | Where-Object { $_ -like \"*.ldf\" }\n\n    return $logFiles\n}\n\n# Get .ldf files dynamically\n$LogFiles = Get-SqlLogFiles\n\nif ($LogFiles.Count -eq 0) {\n    Write-Host \"No .ldf files retrieved from SQL. Check SQL connection\/module.\" -ForegroundColor Red\n    return\n}\n\n# Check permissions for the engine account on each .ldf file\n$Accounts = @($EngineAccount)\nforeach ($file in $LogFiles) {\n    if (Test-Path $file) {\n        $acl = Get-Acl $file\n\n        Write-Host \"File: $file\" -ForegroundColor Green\n        foreach ($acct in $Accounts) {\n            $access = $acl.Access | Where-Object { $_.IdentityReference -eq $acct }\n\n            Write-Host \"  Account: $acct\"\n            if ($access) {\n                Write-Host \"    Permissions: $($access.FileSystemRights)\" -ForegroundColor Green\n                if ($access.FileSystemRights -match \"FullControl|Modify\") {\n                    Write-Host \"    Status: Good (has write access)\" -ForegroundColor Green\n                } else {\n                    Write-Host \"    Status: Insufficient (needs Modify or Full Control)\" -ForegroundColor Red\n                }\n            } else {\n                Write-Host \"    NO access - Grant if needed\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n            }\n            Write-Host \"\"\n        }\n        Write-Host \"-----\"\n    } else {\n        Write-Host \"File not found: $file\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n    }\n}\n\nWrite-Host \"Check complete! Checked permissions on actual .ldf log files.\" -ForegroundColor Cyan<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\"># Ultimate SQL Virtual Account Permissions Checker - Correct SIDs\n# Run as Administrator\n# Uses correct standard SIDs for default instance services\n\nWrite-Host \"SQL Server Virtual Account Permissions Checker (Correct SIDs)\" -ForegroundColor Cyan\nWrite-Host \"==============================================================\" -ForegroundColor Cyan\nWrite-Host \"\"\n\n# SQL services to check (default instance)\n$SqlServices = @(\n    @{\n        ServiceName    = \"MSSQLSERVER\"\n        Display        = \"SQL Server Engine (MSSQLSERVER)\"\n        VirtualAccount = \"NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER\"\n        SID            = \"S-1-5-80-3880718306-3832830129-1677859214-2598158968-1052248003\"\n    },\n    @{\n        ServiceName    = \"SQLSERVERAGENT\"\n        Display        = \"SQL Server Agent (SQLSERVERAGENT)\"\n        VirtualAccount = \"NT SERVICE\\SQLSERVERAGENT\"\n        SID            = \"S-1-5-80-344959196-2060754871-2302487193-2804545603-1466107430\"\n    }\n)\n\n# Check current logon accounts\nforeach ($svc in $SqlServices) {\n    $service = Get-Service -Name $svc.ServiceName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\n    if (-not $service) {\n        Write-Host \"$($svc.Display): Service not installed\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n        continue\n    }\n\n    $wmi = Get-WmiObject Win32_Service -Filter \"Name='$($svc.ServiceName)'\"\n    $account = $wmi.StartName\n\n    Write-Host \"$($svc.Display)\" -ForegroundColor Green\n    Write-Host \"  Status: $($service.Status)\"\n    if ($account -eq $svc.VirtualAccount) {\n        Write-Host \"  Logon : $account (Recommended virtual account)\" -ForegroundColor Green\n    } else {\n        Write-Host \"  Logon : $account\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n    }\n    Write-Host \"\"\n}\n\n# Export local security policy\n$tempFile = [IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()\nsecedit \/export \/cfg $tempFile \/quiet | Out-Null\n$content = Get-Content $tempFile\nRemove-Item $tempFile -Force\n\n# Define privileges\n$Privileges = @(\n    @{ Name = \"SeServiceLogonRight\";           Display = \"Log on as a service\";                  GroupGrant = $true },\n    @{ Name = \"SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege\"; Display = \"Replace a process-level token\";       GroupGrant = $false },\n    @{ Name = \"SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege\";      Display = \"Adjust memory quotas for a process\";  GroupGrant = $false },\n    @{ Name = \"SeChangeNotifyPrivilege\";       Display = \"Bypass traverse checking\";            GroupGrant = $false }\n)\n\n# Check each privilege\nforeach ($priv in $Privileges) {\n    Write-Host \"Checking $($priv.Display) ($($priv.Name))...\" -ForegroundColor Cyan\n\n    $line = $content | Where-Object { $_ -match \"^$($priv.Name)\\s*=\" }\n    if (-not $line) {\n        Write-Host \"  Privilege not found in policy export.\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n        Write-Host \"\"\n        continue\n    }\n\n    $assignments = ($line -split \"=\", 2)[1].Trim()\n    $entries = $assignments -split \",\" | ForEach-Object { ($_.Trim() -replace '^\\*', '').Trim().ToLower() } | Where-Object { $_ }\n\n    $hasAllServicesGroup = $entries -contains \"s-1-5-80-0\"\n    $coveredServices = @()\n\n    foreach ($svc in $SqlServices) {\n        $lowerSid = $svc.SID.ToLower()\n        $lowerAccount = $svc.VirtualAccount.ToLower()\n        $lowerShort = $svc.ServiceName.ToLower()\n        $lowerDoubleSlash = \"nt service\\\\$($svc.ServiceName.ToLower())\"\n\n        if ($entries -contains $lowerSid -or $entries -contains $lowerAccount -or $entries -contains $lowerShort -or $entries -contains $lowerDoubleSlash) {\n            $coveredServices += $svc.Display\n        }\n    }\n\n    if ($priv.GroupGrant) {\n        if ($hasAllServicesGroup) {\n            Write-Host \"  Granted via NT SERVICE\\ALL SERVICES (S-1-5-80-0) \u2013 covers Engine AND Agent\" -ForegroundColor Green\n        } else {\n            Write-Host \"  NT SERVICE\\ALL SERVICES group not present\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n        }\n    }\n\n    if ($coveredServices.Count -eq $SqlServices.Count) {\n        Write-Host \"  Granted to: SQL Server Engine AND SQL Server Agent\" -ForegroundColor Green\n    } elseif ($coveredServices.Count -eq 1) {\n        Write-Host \"  Granted to: $($coveredServices[0]) only\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n    } elseif ($coveredServices.Count -eq 0) {\n        Write-Host \"  No grant found for Engine or Agent\" -ForegroundColor Red\n    } else {\n        Write-Host \"  Granted to: $($coveredServices -join ', ')\" -ForegroundColor Green\n    }\n\n    Write-Host \"\"\n}\n\n# Instant File Initialization\nWrite-Host \"Instant File Initialization (SeManageVolumePrivilege):\" -ForegroundColor Cyan\n$ifiLine = $content | Where-Object { $_ -match \"^SeManageVolumePrivilege\\s*=\" }\nif ($ifiLine) {\n    $ifiAssign = ($ifiLine -split \"=\", 2)[1].Trim().ToLower()\n    if ($ifiAssign -match \"mssqlserver|sqlserveragent|s-1-5-80-|all services|localsystem\") {\n        Write-Host \"  Granted (good for performance)\" -ForegroundColor Green\n    } else {\n        Write-Host \"  Not granted to SQL services\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n    }\n} else {\n    Write-Host \"  Not configured\" -ForegroundColor Yellow\n}\n\nWrite-Host \"\"\nWrite-Host \"Check complete! Using standard SIDs for accuracy.\" -ForegroundColor Cyan<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I have created two scripts to detect file permissions and LogOn Security Permissions for NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"I have created two scripts to detect file permissions and LogOn Security Permissions for NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER # SQL Server File Permissions Checker - Updated with Auto-Install # Run as Administrator # Dynamically queries SQL for log file (.ldf) paths and checks permissions on the actual files # Account to check $EngineAccount = &quot;NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER&quot; #\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"paris\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pariswells.com\/blog\/research\/sql-service-not-starting-after-windows-updates-using-nt-servicemssqlserver-had-to-switch-to-local-system\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.9\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Welcome to Pariswells.com |\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Service Not Starting After Windows Updates using NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER , had to switch to Local System | Welcome to Pariswells.com\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I have created two scripts to detect file permissions and LogOn Security Permissions for NT SERVICE\\MSSQLSERVER # 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